The article outlines the most important promising areas for strengthening the military security of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of the general orientation of state policy not only towards strengthening the country's defense capability, but also towards the socio-economic development of the Arctic territories. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the actualizing external threat (the expansion of the NATO bloc into Finland, which has long land borders with the Russian Federation, the intensification of actions by the United States and the North Atlantic Alliance as a whole in the Arctic, as well as potential unfriendly actions by Norway in the territories adjacent to Russia). The main measure to strengthen military security is the re-establishment of the Leningrad Military District in 2024, which requires not only personnel, but also organizational support for a full-fledged military administrative unit. It is noted that there is a need to adjust the existing strategic planning documents on the development of the Arctic zone in terms of clarifying tasks and priorities, taking into account the strengthening of defense capabilities (development of infrastructure for dual-use ports, social and housing guarantees for military personnel and their families, etc.).