The article analyzes the positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the grounds for recognizing a person as a victim in a criminal case. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is made about the possibility of granting a person the procedural status of a victim in a criminal case in the presence of substantive legal grounds even if the harm caused to the person by the crime formally remains outside the legislative structure of the crime.

The article examines the criminal-law status of a person who has committed a crime as a multifaceted legal category that extends beyond the mere establishment of the fact that a crime was committed and the recognition of the individual as a subject of criminal-law relations. The author formulates a concept of the criminal-law status of a person who has committed a crime or a so-cially dangerous act. The author concludes that this status, alongside other conditions and circum-stances, is a significant factor influencing the criminalization of socially dangerous acts, the differ-entiation of criminal liability, and the individualization of punishment.