The article examines the relationship between financial security and sanitary and epidemiological safety within the system of public-law regulation. It substantiates that a sanitary and epidemiological threat has not only medical and social, but also financial and legal significance, since it changes the structure of public expenditures, entails the reallocation of budgetary resources, increases interbudgetary dependence and creates risks to the sustainability of public finances. Financial security in this field performs not merely an auxiliary, but a supporting and preventive function. The article considers the main elements of the financial and legal mechanism for countering sanitary and epidemiological threats. The author concludes that a risk-oriented model of financial support for sanitary and epidemiological well-being should be further developed.