The article examines Iran’s scientific and technical policy to overcome the sanctions regime. It demonstrates the impact of sanctions on Iran’s scientific, technical and innovative potential, their role in slowing down the development of science and negative impact on international scientific cooperation. Particular attention is paid to the system of legal means and measures to neutralize restrictions in the field of scientific policy: support for intellectual migration, publication activity, creation of innovative infrastructure, use of the scientific diaspora, etc. Iran’s experience in counteracting sanctions can be used by Russia to ensure technological sovereignty.