The article analyzes the concept of “the right to historical truth” and its relation to such related legal concepts as “the right to truth”, the right to memory, and the right to historical memory in public and scientific discourse, especially in the context of increasing attention to the preservation of historical memory and cultural heritage in legislation. The analysis of the legal essence is carried out “the rights to historical truth.” The prerequisites for the emergence of this category are considered, the specific significance of this category of rights in the Russian Federation is emphasized, in connection with the introduction of the constitutional norm on the protection of historical truth. The question is raised about the application of the category of the right to historical truth in legal science and legal practice in the national legislation of different countries and in international law. The article summarizes the emerging judicial practice of protecting this group of rights, and attempts to determine the place of the “right to historical truth” in the existing structure of human rights. At the end of the article, the authors formulate the definition of this legal category.