The article examines the role of prosecutorial supervision in the mechanism of enforcement of punishment in the form of compulsory labor in the Russian legal system. The author analyzes the legal foundations, organizational features, and problematic aspects of prosecutorial supervision over this type of alternative punishment. The work explores theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of prosecutorial supervision in correctional centers and identifies gaps in regulatory legal regulation. The necessity of improving the mechanism of prosecutorial supervision is substantiated, taking into account the specifics of compulsory labor as a transitional form of punishment between imprisonment and alternative measures. Directions for developing interdepartmental cooperation and creating specialized methodological recommendations for prosecutors are proposed. The conclusion is drawn about the key role of prosecutorial supervision in ensuring a balance between punitive and resocialization goals of compulsory labor.