The article is devoted to the consideration of the Concept of public law regulation of the procedure for the stay of foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Russian Federation, formulated by the author based on the results of a study of the impact of international migration on the state of law and order in Russian society. The specificity of the proposed Concept is a dual approach to the organization of public law regulation of the procedure for the stay in the Russian Federation of foreign citizens and stateless persons, combining, along with preventive and repressive measures of state coercion aimed at countering illegal migration, elements of stimulating positive migration. The proposed Concept contains the basic principles of such regulation, its mechanisms, the main areas for improving the regulation of the procedure for the stay of foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Russian Federation, a list of adaptation measures carried out in relation to foreign citizens staying in the territory of the state, ways of ensuring migration law and order, and promising areas for the further development of public relations under consideration.