The paper analyzes the development of Soviet legislation on criminal liability for sabotage. Attention is focused on the fact that sabotage in the criminal codes of 1922 and 1926 was considered as counterrevolutionary crimes. Sabotage has been legally regulated as an independent type of crime since 1960. Based on the generalization of data on the active use of modern technologies using artificial intelligence capabilities to undermine the security of the Russian Federation, specific proposals have been formulated for further improvement of criminal legislation.