Effective provision of state guarantees for the protection, safeguarding, and realization of the rights and freedoms of Russian citizens, including information rights and freedoms and freedom of speech, is a consequence of the intensive development of information technology and the proactive implementation of digitalization in public law relations. It also demonstrates the defining role of digitalization in the development of society, the state, and the individual, as well as digital determinism. The introduction of digital technologies into various spheres of human activity, driven by scientific and technological progress, is a key factor in the formation of a modern digital society. The integration of digital technologies into economic and social processes and public administration has led to the digital transformation of public law relations and significantly transformed public administration, which, in turn, has led to the emergence of the phenomenon of the "digital state." The authors of this article examined the legal foundations of the digital state in Russia within the context of public law and identified both positive trends in the development of rights and legislation and existing challenges in the legal regulation of information relations.