The article discusses the need to classify currency transactions based on the subject of legal regulation. The differentiation of currency transactions established in the current Federal Law No. 173 of December 10, 2003 "On Currency Regulation and Currency Control" lacks a clear basis for division and is mixed in content, which does not reflect the specific features of individual types of transactions or the logic of associated currency restrictions. Сlarification of the theory of currency law on this issue, and simplification of the practice of applying currency legislation. At the same time, it is emphasized that the proposed classification of currency transactions is itself multi level, as it simultaneously incorporates both the subject based and territorial criteria for their differentiation.