The authors conducted a study of Russophobia as one of the reasons for conducting a Special military operation on the territory of Ukraine and the relationship of Russophobia with the justification of fascism in foreign countries. The article examines the chronology and causes of Russophobia in the former Soviet republics after the collapse of the USSR, especially in Ukraine and in European countries, and provides materials on the justification of fascism and Nazism in the CIS and Europe, demonstrating the relationship between these two phenomena, which have one commonality.