In the context of the Special Military Operation, the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation is changing under the influence of heightened societal demands for ensuring national security. According to law enforcement from open sources, there is an observed increase in terrorist and extremist crimes. Perpetrators are increasingly using teenagers for such acts. In response, legislators are developing measures with particular attention to balancing repressive and educational approaches - taking into account the rights of minors, public safety, and national interests. At the same time, certain contradictions exist within this legal framework, which still need to be comprehended for the benefit of society's and the state's interests.