The article examines the actual problem of the balance of private and public interests related to the protection and use of archaeological heritage sites. The author analyzes the legal mechanisms governing the interaction of private owners and the state in the field of historical heritage preservation. Judicial practice is discussed, illustrating the complex legal and ethical issues that arise when applying legislation on archaeological heritage sites. The article also focuses on the need to improve legal regulation in order to achieve harmony between the interests of title holders and public objectives for the protection of cultural heritage, which, in turn, can contribute to more effective and responsible management of archaeological resources. As a result of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to strengthen private regulation of archaeological heritage sites in order to achieve an optimal balance of private and public interests. As well as the need to form an opinion that an object of archaeological heritage is a profitable object for investment, rather than encumbrances (restrictions) on property rights.