The subject of this article is the problems associated with the allocation of the compulsory share in inheritance by will under Russian law. The study examines and analyzes Russian legislation, judicial practice, as well as foreign regulatory approaches to the compulsory share mechanism. The analysis conducted not only reveals contradictions concerning the balance between the right to freely dispose of one's property and the need to provide guarantees for socially vulnerable citizens, but also proposes solutions to the emerging issues, drawing on the experience of foreign jurisdictions and the judicial practice examined.