This article examines the problem of abuse of the right to charge in Russian criminal proceedings. The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of this phenomenon, its relationship with the principles of competition and equality of the parties. The criteria for distinguishing between the fair use of procedural powers and their abuse, as well as the potential consequences for justice, are considered. Examples from judicial practice and the position of the higher courts are given. Measures are proposed to improve legislation and law enforcement practices to prevent abuse of the right to charge.