Annotation

This article examines the legal and organizational conditions for holding local referendums in the Russian Federation. Based on federal legislation—including Federal Law No. 33-FZ of March 20, 2025, "On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government within the Unified System of Public Authority"—the study analyzes restrictions on the subject matter of referendums, as well as the procedures for proposing an initiative and collecting signatures. Particular attention is given to distinguishing between a referendum, a citizens' assembly (gathering), and participatory budgeting. The article proposes measures to enhance the accessibility of these procedures, provide legal support to initiative groups, and ensure a cautious approach to the implementation of digital forms of participation.