Annotation

Purpose: to clarify the understanding of the term "contract" and describe its ambiguity, and to evaluate the approaches to the interaction of legal norms and the formation of contract terms from a theoretical and practical standpoint. Methodology: Research methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, and generalization were used. In addition, the formal-legal method was employed, which involves analyzing Russian legislation, regulations, and specific articles to comprehensively examine the chosen topic. The comparative-legal method was also used to identify common and distinct features in the characteristics of contract terms and their significance. Furthermore, the systemic method was employed to analyze contracts in conjunction with other civil law institutions. Scientific and practical significance: The findings presented in this study are of scientific interest to contract law researchers, university professors, and law students, and can also be used in practical activities. Conclusions. We believe that: 1) the concepts of "contract" and "civil legal relationship" should not be confused; 2) the understanding of a contract as a document is rather conditional; 3) it is proposed to consider a contract as a set of conditions and norms that determine the rights and obligations of the parties that have entered into it; 4) the importance of studying a contract and its practical application for legal scholars and practitioners is emphasized.