Annotation

The relevance of this study is determined by the legal uncertainty of the category of "patriotic relations," the variability of its interpretations in multinational and multi-confessional states, and the lack of uniform approaches to the legal regulation of patriotic behavior. The complexity and heterogeneity of social relations associated with cultural, national, and religious identities necessitate a systemic legal understanding of patriotism as a legal phenomenon. The objective of this work is to provide a theoretical and legal analysis of patriotic legal relations, to elucidate their structure and subject composition, and to create a scientifically based classification for subsequent legislative regulation of this area. Objectives: to study the evolution of scientific views on patriotism; to identify the specifics of the legal regulation of patriotic relations in various social spheres; to determine the structure of patriotic legal relations; to develop their multi-level classification; to substantiate the admissibility of legal entities' participation in patriotic legal relations. The methodology is based on the theory of legal relations developed in the science of the theory of state and law, the activity-based approach of the Soviet scientific school, as well as comparative legal, formal legal, and systemic-structural methods. The scientific significance lies in the theoretical substantiation of patriotic legal relations as an independent type of legal ties and in their classification by subjects, objects, content, and legal facts, which contributes to the development of the theory of state and law. The practical significance lies in the potential application of the proposed classification in improving legislation on patriotic education, civil service, military service, and citizenship. Conclusions: Patriotic legal relations have a specific structure, encompassing the state, citizens, and legal entities. Classification based on four criteria (subjects, objects, content, and legal facts) allows for systematization of the areas of legal regulation in the patriotic sphere. Legal entities may be subjects of patriotic legal relations within the framework of state protectionist policies and defense procurement.