Annotation

Purpose. The article examines the banking and legal regime of the digital ruble platform in the light of the 2025–2026 legislative novelties. It analyzes the legal status of the Bank of Russia as the issuer of the digital ruble and the sole operator of the platform, as well as the two-tiered contractual model of “operator — credit institution — user”. The article also explores the obligations of credit institutions participating in the platform in terms of customer identification, anti-money laundering, and the regime of bank secrecy. The article discusses the issues of the Bank of Russia's prudential supervision and the responsibility of credit organizations. The author formulates proposals for improving banking legislation. Methodology: when preparing this scientific publication, the author used the following research methods: comparative legal analysis, synthesis, and analogy. Conclusions. The study led to the following conclusions: 1. The legal status of the Bank of Russia on the digital ruble platform is dual, acting both as the issuer of the digital ruble and as the sole operator of the infrastructure. 2. The platform's banking and legal regime is based on a two-tier contractual model: “operator — credit institution — user”. 3. Law No. 105-FZ extended the anti-money laundering regime to digital ruble transactions, ensuring a unified approach to financial monitoring. Scientific and practical relevance. The scientific significance of the publication is expressed in the study of the status of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the context of its authority as the sole operator of the digital platform, including the construction of a two-tier model of interaction in the issuance of the digital ruble. The practical significance is reduced to proposals for improving banking legislation in terms of the obligations of credit institutions in terms of countering the legalization of income under Federal Law No. 105-FZ dated May 23, 2025.