Problem of Distinguishing Theft from a Bank Account and Theft of Electronic Funds (Clause “d,” Part 3, Article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) from Fraud Involving the Use of Electronic Means of Payment (Article 159.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Annotation
The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the modern financial system is undergoing an unprecedented transformation associated with the widespread transition to cashless payments. Criminals are rapidly adapting to the new realities, creating increasingly sophisticated schemes for stealing non-cash funds. Law enforcement officers face significant difficulties in the criminal assessment and qualification of both theft of non-cash funds (paragraph "d" of Part 3 of Article 158 of the Criminal Code) and fraud using electronic means of payment (Article 159.3 of the Criminal Code). The situation is aggravated by the fact that modern technologies allow criminals to use hybrid schemes that combine elements of various methods of theft. The authors define clear criteria for distinguishing between these related crimes.
Keywords
| Type | Article |
| Information | Russian Investigator № 07/2026 |
| Pages | 33-38 |
| DOI | 10.18572/1812-3783-2026-7-33-38 |
