Annotation

The article examines the key lessons of armed conflicts of the 20th and 21st centuries and their impact on the legal regulation of military service. Such aspects as the humanization of armed conflicts, the flexibility of mobilization systems, the regulation of new technologies and social support for military personnel are analyzed. The article highlights the problems of international humanitarian law, the need to adapt legislation to modern challenges such as hybrid wars, cyber attacks and autonomous combat systems. It concludes that a comprehensive approach to improving legal norms is needed to ensure the protection of the rights of military personnel, the strategic stability of states and the prevention of conflict escalation.