Annotation

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal regime of the digital ruble within the paradigm of modern financial law of the Russian Federation. It examines the prerequisites for its implementation, conditioned by technological, economic and geopolitical factors. The central focus is on the study of the legal nature of the digital ruble, which was included in the list of objects of civil rights, which ensured its equal status with cash and non-cash money. The author analyzes the key aspects of legislative regulation, in particular Federal Law No. 340-FZ, which enshrined the principles of irrevocable payments, security and a two-tier architecture of the platform. The balanced approach of the regulator, combining stimulation of innovation with ensuring financial stability and protection of users' rights, is emphasized. The study utilized the methods of comparative legal, formal legal and structural-functional analysis. As a result of the study, the author states that the legal model of the digital ruble in the Russian Federation is a holistic and progressive design. The key results are: legitimization of the digital ruble as an object of civil rights, ensuring legal certainty; The choice of a two-tier (hybrid) architecture for issuance and circulation, preserving the role of commercial banks and minimizing risks to financial stability; and enshrining the principles of irrevocability and finality of settlements. The digital ruble has been identified as having significant potential for developing programmable finance, improving the efficiency of public administration and monetary policy, and strengthening financial sovereignty. Promising areas for further legal regulation have been identified, including issues of inheritance, cross-border payments, and the development of the legal status of smart contracts.